Asynchronous programming in JavaScript leverages features like callbacks, promises and async/await to sidestep this issue by allowing other code to run in the meantime.

Asynchronous JavaScript has become omnipresent, yet is inherently difficult to reason about. While many recent debugging tools are trying to address this issue with (semi-)automatic methods, ...

Using callback-passing for asynchronous actions does not compose well and creates complex flows of passing callbacks around. The JavaScript community has produced several libraries to cope with this.