Background Immune-mediated processes leading to childhood type 1 diabetes may begin in fetal life. We hypothesised that a ...

Background Child dental caries is highly prevalent worldwide, with significant treatment costs, but its broader societal ...

Background Residential segregation is considered a social determinant of health, but there is limited evidence of its impact on tuberculosis (TB). We investigated the associations between municipality ...

Background Obesity prevalence differs by neighbourhood. One such characteristic of these neighbourhoods is the level of socioeconomic disadvantage. Understanding the nature of neighbourhood ...

Background Electrification of the light vehicle fleet is a core component of decarbonisation policy globally. As transport is an important determinant of health, this process will likely impact a ...

Health impact assessments look at the effect on health of policies implemented outside the healthcare sector. A glossary is provided in the following article.

This essay examines the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for health inequalities. It outlines historical and contemporary evidence of inequalities in pandemics—drawing on international research ...

Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a complex phenomenon and some research suggests that there are qualitatively distinct IPV types. However, little is known about the risk factors ...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of marital status on the risk of suicide, using a large nationally representative sample. A related objective was to investigate the ...

Objectives To estimate the prevalence of maternal substance use problems during the first 1000 days of children’s lives, to inform planning and resourcing of antenatal screening and substance use in ...