This model illustrates how alleles of modifier and modified genes affect penetrance, dominance modification, expressivity and pleiotropy, and modulate the phenotypes of mutant organisms. Throughout ...

DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that differs between plant organs and tissues, but the extent of variation between cell types is not known. Here, we report single-base-resolution ...

Human proteins undergo a variety of chemical modifications following their synthesis. These modifications regulate their structure, function, and stability. Researchers from the Bhogaraju Group at ...

After a gene is transcribed into RNA, modifications can occur to the subunits or "bases" that make up the RNA molecule, which can affect its structure and function. The study of these changes is known ...

Functional morphological patterns in root apices of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) dependent on growth, ageing and infection by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus mosseae and/or by the ...

Iowa State University scientists have made a significant breakthrough in scientists' ability to identify specific proteins within individual plant cells. Professor Justin Walley and Christian Montes, ...

The growth dynamics and architecture of the oil-palm root system are described. Following a transitional juvenile phase, eight different morphological types of roots have been distinguished according ...