A plant cell wall is arranged in layers and contains cellulose microfibrils, hemicellulose, pectin, lignin, and soluble protein. These components are organized into three major layers: the primary ...

The secret of how fiber shapes the structure of plant cell walls has been revealed, with potentially wide-ranging applications ranging from nutrition and health to agriculture. Researchers from The ...

Purdue University scientists have discovered a key mechanism that regulates how plants develop chloroplasts, essential structures responsible for the photosynthesis that sustains life on Earth by ...

Essentials of Biology is a non-majors general biology course without a laboratory. The topics that will be covered include biological molecules, cell structure and function, cellular metabolism, cell ...

Some cells, such as immune cells, are highly mobile—they constantly remodel their shape, migrate toward a wound that needs to ...

Just like in yeast and animal cells, vacuoles in plants are responsible for breaking down unwanted cellular components. At ...

Scientists have discovered a novel biochemical mechanism explaining how immune proteins defend plants against invading microorganisms. Scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding ...

Dedication -- Foreword / Bruce Budowle -- Acknowledgements -- The editor -- Contributors -- Chap. 1. Introduction to forensic botany / Heather Miller Coyle -- Chap. 2. Basic plant biology / Heather ...

Researchers have developed artificial cell-like structures using inorganic matter that autonomously ingest, process, and push out material - recreating an essential function of living cells. Their ...